Ottawa Rules for ankle/foot

Base of 5th metatarsal bone (lateral view):
Palpation: Palpate the base of the 5th metatarsal bone by palpating along the lateral edge of the foot. About midway between the heel and the fifth little toe lies the tuberosity of the 5th metatarsal bone (3).

Medial malleolus: 6 cm along the edge of the posterior medial malleolus

Navicular (medial surface):
Surface anatomy palpation of the navicular bone: Palpate along the medial side of the foot from the heel, you'll feel navicular prominence anterior to the sustentaculum tali (1), (2).

Sources:
(1) Navicular surface anatomy: http://www.flashcardmachine.com/hoppenfeld-ankle-footpalpation.html

(2) Navicular surface anatomy: https://web.duke.edu/anatomy/mbs/Lab15_MBS/Lab16_preLab.html

(3) 5th metatarsal bone palpation: http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/surface-anatomy-of-the-knee-and-foot.html

Leg surface anatomy: https://web.duke.edu/anatomy/lab15/lab16_prelab.html

Ankle/foot surface anatomy: https://sites.google.com/site/1styearportfolio/the-ankle-foot/bones-landmarks

Palpation of bony landmarks:
https://www.fgc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/palpation-of-bony-landmarks.pdf

Ottawa rule for the ankle/foot: http://www.lightspeedphysio.com/ottawa_ankle.png

http://shs-manual.ucsc.edu/sites/shs-manual.ucsc.edu/files/Ottawa%20rules%20for%20x-ray%20of%20ankle%20%26%20foot.pdf

http://www.aafp.org/afp/2001/0101/p93.html

http://www.aafp.org/afp/2002/0901/p785.html

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1303302/pdf/westjmed00352-0069.pdf

Ottawa rule misses a fracture in the talus from high fall: http://emj.bmj.com/content/18/6/521.full